History New York Published by wine tours Portland

 

New Amsterdam in 1664

Wine tours Portland wants to teach the peoples.  Before the arrival of Europeans, the territory of present-day New York was populated by Len apes. On April 17, 1524, the navigator Giovanni ad Verrazano, commissioned by the King of France François I, discovered the bay of New York which he baptized New Angouleme. Today, the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge is a reminder of this discovery. The explorer intends to recommend the site to the king, but in August 1524, François Ier cancels the interview planned with Verrazano to engage in the campaign of Pavia. In 1609, the Dutch East India Company hired the English explorer Henry Hudson to try to discover in turn a new sea route to the Indies. He entered New York Bay and went up the river that now bears his name. In 1624, the region officially becomes a Dutch possession under the aegis of the East India Company. Thirty Boyer and Protestant families (including French Huguenot and Walloon Protestants, including 227 people mainly from Hainaut in Belgium, settled south of Manhattan forming the colony of “New Amsterdam”. In 1626, the director of the colony Pierre Minuit acquired the island from the Len apes. In 1647, Pieter Stuyvesant was appointed director-general of the colony to replace Willem Kieft, whose administration had drawn the wrath of the colonists since relations with the Amerindians had degenerated into violent clashes during the 1640s. the director of the colony Pierre Minuit acquired the island from the Len apes. In 1647, Pieter Stuyvesant was appointed director-general of the colony to replace Willem Kieta, whose administration had drawn the wrath of the settlers since relations with the Amerindians had degenerated into violent clashes during the 1640s. the director of the colony Pierre Minuit acquired the island from the Len apes. In 1647, Pieter Stuyvesant was appointed director-general of the colony to replace Willem Kieta, whose administration had drawn the wrath of the settlers since relations with the Amerindians had degenerated into violent clashes during the 1640s.

 

English New York (1664–1783)

 

The Great Fire of 1776

 

In 1664, the English conquered New Amsterdam which was renamed "New York" in honor of Jacques, Duke of York and brother of King Charles II. Anglicanism became the official religion of the colony in 1698. The city grew rapidly: in 1700, it had nearly 5,000 inhabitants. The first cultural institutions were founded, such as King's College in 1754. Trade diversified and developed in particular thanks to the construction of the Great Dock on the East River in 1676.

 

In 1765, the British Parliament passed the Stamp Act. This law imposing a stamp duty on British newspapers and official documents prompted the meeting in New York of the Stamp Act Congress in October. Delegates from the thirteen British American colonies protested against the tax, which was repealed the following year. New York saw the birth of the Sons of Liberty movement which challenged the British colonial presence. Incidents multiplied and New York became a strategic place in the American War of Independence (1775-1783). US General George Washington fortified the city and personally took control of the Continental Army in 1776. But the American insurgents were defeated at the Battle of Long Island and a quarter of the city was reduced to ashes.

 

In 1785, the Continental Congress moved to New York, which from then on served as the provisional capital of the United States. But, under pressure from Thomas Jefferson, Congress moved to Philadelphia five years later. In 1789, the first American president, George Washington, was sworn in on the Bible on the balcony of Federal Hall in lower Manhattan.

Growth of the city (1783–1900)

 

New York Harbor in 1848

 

From the 1790s, New York City experienced significant population growth and became the most populous in the United States in 1820. In 1811, the Commissioners' Plan imposed the Hippodamian Plan for the development of the city.

 

Following the cholera epidemics, the municipality decided to focus its efforts on water supply and sewers: a sewer service was founded in 1849 and public baths were opened in the 1850s. An aqueduct was built. Construction site in 1842 to bring water from the Croton River. In the middle of the century, Central Park was built in the heart of Manhattan. Several neoclassical public buildings rose from the ground. In 1898, New York City was divided into five boroughs: Manhattan, Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens and Staten Island.

 

With the development of public transport and industry, the New York metropolitan area grew rapidly in the second half of the nineteenth century. Poorer New Yorkers crammed into cramped, unsanitary apartments called tenements: in 1890, one million people lived in 37,316 of these homes. The middle classes established themselves in the suburbs.

 

 

Clashes between rioters and the military during the Draft Riots (1863).

 

By the mid-nineteenth century, more than half of New Yorkers were foreign-born; between 1820 and 1890, more than ten million immigrants, mainly Irish and German, settled in the metropolis, fleeing the economic crisis and the persecutions which took place in Europe. “Ethnic” neighborhoods were formed in Manhattan and each community developed its mutual aid networks, associations and newspapers. The Germans settled in the district called "Little Germany", in the south-east of Manhattan; in the mid-nineteenth century, New York was, behind Berlin and Vienna, the third most important German-speaking city in the world with 600,000 German immigrants. Tensions between these communities sometimes degenerate into riots: those of 1871 between Catholics and Orangemen ended in 65 deaths.

 

New York's economic development was facilitated by the modernization and extension of transportation networks: the Champlain Canal (1823) and the Erie Canal (1825) linked New York to its hinterland and to the Great Lakes. Rail links multiplied from the 1830s and Grand Central became New York's main station in the 1870s. On the sea, transatlantic lines linked New York to Europe by passenger ships. Federalist presidential candidate of 1812, Governor DeWitt Clinton secured New York State bonds to fund the Erie Canal, a boost to Wall Street. Click on Wine tours Portland.